Nasti hart thigs

WHAT HAPPENS TO YOUR HEART WHEN YOU SMOKE?
When you smoke, the chemicals that you breathe in affect all parts of your body, including the heart. Smoking damages your blood cells and blood vessels, and smoking chemicals can lead to a build-up of plaque in your arteries and veins, causing clogging. This is called atherosclerosis. If your arteries become clogged, oxygen-rich blood cannot travel efficiently through your body and to your heart. You can suffer chest pain, heart attack, heart failure, or even death.


http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/smo/

SUPER GROSS VIDEO ABOUT STUFF IN ARTERIES WHEN YOU SMOKE.

I HOPE YOU BREATHE IN MY DEAD BODY PARTS.

HOW MUCH DUST DO YOU SUCK IN? 
The average person inhales bout 44 pounds of dust in a lifetime.

Dust that is small enough to pass the cilia in the nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi reach the sacs and the lower part of the airways where there is no cilia to trap the dust. They are then attacked by macrophages to be eliminated. This is very important as they defend the lungs and keep them clean. Another way for dust to be removed from the lungs is by germ-bearing particles which are produced by proteins.
Dust can come from grinding metals and minerals, like rock and soil. (Silica, asbestos, coal)
Dust can also come from plants and animals. They can be fungi, microbes, or toxic substances. Also dyes and pesticides.
The majority of dust consists of dead skin cells. YA NASTEH.

When dust builds up, it can inflame the trachea and the bronchi, causing tracheitis and bronchitis.
Diseases caused by too much inhalation of dust is called "Dusty Lung" disease or pneumoconiosis.

To protect the lungs from being susceptible to dust:
 - use vacuums instead of brooms
 - clean your area frequently, be a good housekeeper
 - dispose dangerous waste in a controlled manner
 - wear a face mask when working in high-dust areas
 - clean your area before working in it for long periods

http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/lungs_dust.html#_1_2

By: Vicki and Amber

DID I SAY U COULD BREATH

1. How does your vital capacity compare to others in the class? Describe some reasons why you think your vital capacity is what it is. Why are the highest and lowest vital capacities the way they are?
My vital capacity is 3.2 litres. It is above average, but most other girls in the class got around the same.
I believe my vital capacity is the way that it is because i have a larger frame than other girls, and so I am able to breathe out more air. I have also been exercising more! YAAAAAY.
The highest vital capacity was 5 litres. The lowest was 1.6 litres. The highest vital capacity was high because the person was male. The lowest was female. I believe males are able to breathe out more air because they are bigger than females, and have stronger muscles.

2. How much air is in a usual breath? Why are our breaths the volume that they are?
In a usual breath, there is approximately 2 litres of air for girls, and 4 litres of air for boys.
I believe that girls generally have a smaller build and frame than boys, therefore most girls cannot intake as much air as boys. - idea credit: Tasha LOLOLOLOLS.
Our breaths are the volume that they are because idk cause our lung capacity and thoracic cavity can only intake so much. Also our diaphragm and intercostal muscles are not as strong as males to contract and inhale/exhale the air.

3. How is the mechanism of exhaling forcefully different than a usual exhalation? Why would you practice at this via exercise/instrument playing/singing make you better at it?
The mechanism of inhaling forcefully is different than a usual exhalation because when we naturally exhale, we do not think about it. When forcefully exhaling, we voluntarily make our muscles expand to release the air.
To become better at forceful exhalation, exercising, instrument playing, and singing could help because you need to take large breaths and release large breaths while doing these actions. While exercising, playing an instrument, and singing, we need to be able to breathe efficiently, and this helps in singing and holding/playing a note longer.

Interim mmmm

Hollaaaa it's ambah

I really love biology. It's like my top subject that I lovelovelovelove. I hope to achieve a career in biology, like Animal Health. I luv da beby amnimalsssss so cuuuute. Soooo that is why I really hope to get a great mark in this class, and really actually understand the things that are taught.

In bio 12 so far, I am super proud of the digestive system project we just completed. Anna, Tasha, and I create a song to demonstrate our learning.... I didn't realize writing the song and changing up the lyrics and filming would take so long, but we did it and we did a fantastic jobbbb. I'm actually a little surprised that we did such a great project.

I believe that my work habits for bio are perf. Maybe not literally perfect but yenno pretty swell.... Unlike physics where it's so hard to stay focused because there is way too much complex thinking. I'm trying really hard to understand the stuff we learn by making my own notes of the worksheets that we get. It helps to some extent because I'm rewriting the information and I hope that I can know it to a point where I can recall the information very easily.

I have worked with others on assignments and projects and it has helped because if I ever had a question, I could just ask one of my peers for assistance. I think it has enhanced my learning because I am able to see that if someone just like me knows the answer, then I should know it as well. It kind of pushes me to try a little harder and be as good as everyone else.

My goal for bio is only to understand. I don't want to go through my favorite subject not knowing what is going on. I want to be able to know the big words and what they mean and I want to be able to recall the information in the future easily, as if I just learned it. To get here, I'm going to have to WORK. Work real hard. I'm going to have to study constantly and review and make my own notes and do everything possible to get the information branded into my brain. Heh. Ow. All that knowledge is gonna be paaaaainful. Heh.

Am I excited to learn? Just a little.
I'm just not too excited to go crazy.

Game Time

Protein Structure Twister timeeeee weeeeeeeeee I look ridic.

It was fun connecting our body parts together. Heh.

Biological Molecules & Food Lab

1. Describe a positive result for each of the tests that you performed in the lab.

- Food items that were positive for lipids were butter and the cupcake. After rubbing the food item on the piece of paper and letting it dry, the paper turned greasy and almost transparent.
Food items positive for starch were the cupcake, bread, and pancake. These food items turned black after iodine was dropped onto them.
Food items positive for simple sugars were cheese, butter, orange, apple, lettuce, and pancake. They turned into milky oranges and yellows.

2. Starch molecules are large carbohydrate polymers. Find and post an image of the molecular structure of starch. What are the building blocks that starch molecules are made up of?

- Starch molecules are made up of glucose.

3. Thomas and Josh had interesting results to their simple sugar test - if you are following either of their blogs, look at their picture of their test tubes after they took them out of the hot water bath.
After 2 minutes, only 2 of the test tubes were yellow/orange, and the rest remained blue. They took the two positive test tubes out of the hot water bath and left the others in the hot water bath for 2 more minutes. At the end of the two extra minutes all the test tubes indicated a positive result. Based on your knowledge of carbohydrate molecules, why do you think they got these results?

- I think they got those results because carbohydrate molecules are very large and take long to break apart. As the two blue test tubes continued to sit in the hot water bath, the carbohydrate molecules were given more time to separate.

4. Making connections - Describe the passage of one of your food items through the digestive system, starting with the mouth & ending at the anus. Include the specific enzymes, accessory organ secretions & internal conditions the food/chyme would pass through from start to finish.

- a) First, food is put into the mouth. You chew and break up the food into smaller pieces with your teeth, to make more surface area. Salivary amylase is created in the salivary glands and released into the mouth. Salivary amylase breaks down starch into maltose. The tongue then sends the bolus down the esophagus. Peristalsis in the esophagus helps push the bolus down into the stomach. Peristalsis is involuntary contractions in the esophagus. The esophagus has a pH level of 7.

b) The bolus then passes the cardiac sphincter and drops into the stomach. The stomach contains gastric juice, which contains HCl, mucus, and the enzyme pepsin. The mucus is a layer over the stomach lining that prevents the acidic HCl from burning a hole into it, which would be an ulcer. Pepsin in the stomach breaks down proteins. The stomach has a pH level of 2.

c) The pancreas, liver, and gall bladder are accessory organs. The pancreas creates pancreatic juice with contains pancreatic amylase, trypsin, lipase, nuclease, and sodium bicarbonate. Pancreatic amylase breaks down starch. Trypsin breaks protein into peptides. Lipase breaks down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids. Nuclease breaks down DNA and RNA into nucleotides. The liver creates bile, and it is then stored in the gall bladder.

d) Single tablespoons of bolus (now chyme) enters the small intestine via the pyloric sphincter. The first 25 cm of the small intestine is called the duodenum, which creates small intestine juice. It has 3 components: nucleosidase wich breaks down nucleotides into sugar + phosphate + base, maltase which breaks maltose into glucose, and peptidase which breaks peptides into amino acids. Bile is also released into the duodenum. Bile emulsifies fat and lipid molecules, making them into small fat droplets. The rest of the small intestine absorbs nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. The small intestine has a pH level of 7.

e) Chyme continues through small intestine, and then reached large intestine. Connected to the start of the large intestine is the appendix. The appendix really has no function. The large intestine absorbs H2O and contains bacteria E. Coli. The large intestine has a pH level of 7.

f) Once through the large intestine, the chyme turns into feces. Feces collects an stores in the rectum, and voluntarily released through the anus.

Biochemical Molecules Lab

We tested several different foods to see which contained lipid, starch, or simple sugar molecules.

We tested:
Cheese
Butter
Cupcakes
Oranges
Apples
Lettuce
Tomato
Carrot
Bread
Pancakes

Here are the results!